Zdanowski, Jerzy2023-11-272023-11-272023Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe 2023, nr 1, s. 13-42.1733-2680http://hdl.handle.net/11315/31193This article refers to the impact the war in Ukraine had on the policy of the Middle East countries in the international and domestic aspects and what development of events can be expected in this connection. The Middle East countries reacted quickly to the war in Ukraine; most condemned Russia’s aggression. However, none sided with Ukraine, and Iran firmly sided with Russia. How to explain it? Also, Arab public opinion did not accept the Western narrative about the causes of the war in Ukraine. Was it the result of Russian propaganda, or were there more profound reasons? Washington strongly pressured its Middle Eastern allies to move away from their policy of neutrality. Still, a year after the aggression, the Middle East not only continued to maintain relations with Russia but also expanded its scope. Was it the result of the rejection of American paternalism or the greater autonomy of the region’s countries in the conditions of multipolarity in international relations? The article tries to explain these questions within the methodology and terminology of constructing scenarios of future trends in international relations.enUznanie autorstwa-Użycie niekomercyjne-Bez utworów zależnych 3.0 PolskaRussian-Ukrainian warMiddle East countriespolicyplot linesdriving forcesBezpieczeństwo narodowe i wewnętrznePolitologiaStosunki międzynarodoweArtykuł2451-061010.48269/2451-0610-ksm-2023-1-001